Nihilism, a school of thought that examines the void of significance, value, and meaning in life, questions the very bases of human existence. Coming from the Latin word "nil," meaning "zero," nihilism maintains that life is lacking natural meaning, and traditional moral and religious values are groundless. This outlook became well-known in the 180

Utilitarianism, a consequentialist theory of ethics formulated by thinkers Jeremy Bentham and Mill, posits that the most favorable action is the one that enhances overall happiness or satisfaction. Central to this school of thought is the "Principle of Greatest Happiness," which asserts that deeds are justified if they promote well-being and wrong

Stoicism, an ancient Greek philosophy created in the early third century BC by Zeno of Citium, promotes the development of self-mastery and strength as a method to conquer destructive emotions. The school of thought asserts that goodness, the highest good, is based on understanding and that the wise coexist with the divine Logos that controls the u

Existentialism, a philosophy that emerged in the 19th and 20th centuries, highlights individual freedom, choice, and subjective experience. Central to this philosophy is the belief that existence precedes essence, meaning that humans define their own meaning and purpose through their actions. Existentialist thinkers like Jean-Paul Sartre and Friedr

Philosophy will help individuals understand and evaluate alternative perspectives.There are many ways an individual may enhance upon their critical reasoning skills. One way in which an individual may try this is by learning philosophy. In easy terms, the definition of philosophy is simply the act of studying basic elements within society. People l